The images in today’s post were taken in the mountains of northern Vietnam, close to the mountain known as Y Ty. This write-up is in large part gleaned from reminiscences and the original expedition blog post entitled Exploring the Rooftop of Vietnam, which was posted in April of 2017. As I wrote previously, Y Ty is a place so richly endowed in amazing plants that it’s hard to drag oneself away. But drag we did, at the end of four days of exploration. As we drove away, still buzzing about our various discoveries, our little group of botanists and explorers happened almost immediately on a wondrous sight. The following is a quote from the blog:
Scott [Scott McMahan, Atlanta Botanical Garden] suddenly yelled “Stop the car!” Uoc [Uoc Huu Li, our mountain guide] stopped the van and we all piled out and walked back up the road to see what he had thought was so important. I thought perhaps he’d seen a tiger or a monkey—both long extirpated from this part of Vietnam—but it wasn’t either of those. Across a small creek and at the base of a steep hill was a tree, perhaps 25 m tall, straight and unbranched for most of its height. The canopy of branches was nearly obscured by gigantic conical inflorescences that appeared to be comprised of large, bright pink flowers. It was quite a sight—magnificent, really—and I could see why Scott had noticed it as we hurtled by. Dan Crowley [Westonbirt Arboretum] had seen the same tree on the way to Y Ty, and he mentioned it to me at the time, but our then driver was not in any mood to slow down. We all stood there somewhat awestruck and puzzling away. Someone picked up a flower and then it occurred to me that we were looking at a particularly spectacular Bretschneidera sinensis, an exceptionally rare tree native across southern China, adjacent Indochina and Taiwan. The IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) Red List states that the species is “uncommon and thought to be getting rarer” and the “…population in Viet Nam is considered to be threatened.”
Even in a place as rich as Y Ty, we saw this tree only once, here, in this unassuming place. Who can say whether it was cut down the following week for its strong, straight-grained timber. It seems to me that this tree should surely be a protected species, but what did we actually know about it? More importantly, how could we find out about its prevalence, distribution and variability? Immediately apparent when exploring mountainous countryside is just how difficult it is to get around. Without trails, movement is significantly restricted, and the possibility of seeing what is happening at the top of a tree—even one close by—is mostly impossible. In other words, collecting in mountainous regions with dense forest, dense undergrowth or dangerous topography is more than a little challenging. In the field, it becomes clear that there are limits on what can be collected safely or in a timely manner.
The previous year, many in this same group explored Y Ty, as well the mountain known as Fansipan (Indochina’s highest peak at 3143 m). However, during that expedition, we tested an experimental UAV (un-personned aerial vehicle, a.k.a. a drone). Accompanying the group in 2016 was Thomas Robichaud-Courteau, a student, from the research laboratory of Dr. Alexis Lussier Desbiens at Universite de Sherbrooke. Thomas was assigned the task of testing the drone, which has the capability to cut and collect branches from trees. Since that time, we have continued to work with Dr. Desbiens and his colleagues to improve the capabilities of plant-collecting drones.
Working with drones in botanical exploration has obvious appeal. Our group’s goals in this respect are threefold: to be able to survey large areas for particular species, to efficiently collect material suitable for cataloguing purposes (i.e., to make herbarium specimens) and to be able to collect material (e.g., seed) for propagation purposes. This year (2018), we are returning to Vietnam to catalogue and collect plants and also to perform further UAV testing. We’re not there yet, but the opportunities afforded by a drone, that by remote control can locate, grasp, cut and retrieve materials at the top of a tree, will be entirely game-changing for botanical exploration. I’m optimistic about finding more Bretschneidera specimens.
Douglas wrote this entry about 10 days ago, just before departing for this year’s expedition to Vietnam. He and Andy Hill (curator of the David C. Lam Asian Garden), are there for another two weeks.
The land of yellow camellias.
Amazing tree and fascinating article. It never occurred to me that drones could be utilized for botanical exploration, but now I can think of no better purpose for their existence. I hope to see some photos from the current expedition!
Is there a blog for this year? Could we get a link?
I enjoyed rereading last year’s. Thanks for including that.
Not yet!
I found the writeup: https://botanicalgarden.ubc.ca/trekking-in-the-mountains-of-northern-vietnam/. I don’t see anything in the write-up, which is, btw, a wonderful read, that gives the date, but it’s given in the references to the article on The DeLeaves: a UAV device for efficient tree canopy sampling at https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/journal/doi/10.1139/juvs-2020-0005#.X3ApDBSSmUk.
Not only is the inflorescence exceptional but it is wonderful to see Emile Bretschneider, 1833 to 1901, commemorated in this way. He was an outstanding Russian physician, sinologist and botanist whose monograph on the European discovery of the flora of China is still unsurpassed in many ways. He was the physician to the Russian delegation to China and worked from the remoteness of Peking (Beijing) and yet was completely up to date with the science of his day. Even more amazing is he wrote this book in English. There is no acknowledgment of a translator.
Judith Taylor
http://www.horthistoria.com
Just beautiful flowers and post!
I have pictures of this tree at UBC garden, no flowers:(
Is there any chances this tree would bloom one day in our climate?
Oh, I suspect it will. Will it happen in the next decade? I am doubtful.
Daniel is this the same tree that one sees alongside the Green Heart Canopy at UBC Botanical Gardens? Douglas has pointed it out on numerous occasions to our horticulture students.
Beautiful in bloom for certain!
This is the same species of tree, yes.
The inflorescence is amazing!! I agree that I have never considered the use of a drone for plant material collection, but what a GREAT idea!!
Fascinating! About both the plant and the use of the drone. Until now I was mostly anti-drone, but this seems to be one of the few great uses for them. Many thanks.
Great article and spectacular plant. I hope it can be saved.
Very exciting! We have the beauty of a truly handsome plant, the thrill of botanical exploration, and the satisfaction of seeing drones put to a better use than what we typically see. Thank you for posting this, and I hope there will be an update from this year’s Vietnam expedition.
This was really fascinating to me, wish you well with drones too. Can’t find the share to fb button for this particular entry. It’s been a long day for me.
Right above the beginning of the comments section. We understand long days!
Exquisitely beautiful!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
In March 2019 I was at Doi Phuka National Park in the Nan province in Thailand.
Bretschneidera sinensis in Thai is called Chompoo Phuka.
A photograph of the flowers on its tree is attached here.
A billboard explaining Chompoo Phuka at Doi Phuka National Park.